Medical issues
If your elderly cat is yowling frequently, it may be a sign of a medical problem. Many senior cats yowl because of an underlying medical condition, including arthritis and impaired vision and hearing. Senior cats may also yowl as a result of chronic kidney disease or hyperthyroidism. A vet can help diagnose the condition and prescribe medication for relief. In some cases, the condition can even require surgical removal of the cat’s thyroid gland.
Insecurity
The constant meowing of an elderly cat may be a sign of a medical or behavioral problem. Often cats call out to their owners when they feel insecure, or they may feel that they are alone. Another sign of insecurity is dilated pupils, which indicate stress or excitement. They dilate when they are in danger or in a hunting situation. If a cat always dilates due to fear, it is probably insecure.
Hunger
An elderly cat yowling at night can be a sign of a number of problems, including hunger or thirst. It may also be a sign of pain or disease. It is very important to monitor the cat’s behavior and assess any cause for yowling.
Thyroid disease
The symptoms of hyperthyroidism can cause your elderly cat to yowl, and they are usually accompanied by a rapid heartbeat, weakness, and diarrhea. In severe cases, your elderly cat may need to have the thyroid gland surgically removed.
Trying to get your attention
An elderly cat that yowls for attention may be suffering from bodily discomfort or an illness. Cats that yowl often need attention, water, or even a playmate. It is even possible that your cat is yowling to test your reactions to their meowing.